B. TECH. ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 4-SEMESTER SYLLABUS

                                  B.Tech 

           Electronics & Communication Engineering

                                     IV- Semester

4EC1 MATHEMATICS-IV
UNIT 1: NUMERICAL ANALYSIS - Finite differences – Forward, Backward and Central
differences. Newton’s forward and backward differences, interpolation formulae.
Stirling’s formula, Lagrange’s interpolation formula.
UNIT 2: NUMERICAL ANALYSIS- Integration-Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s one third
and three-eighth rules. Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations of first order
- Picard’s mathod, Euler’s and modified Euler’s methods, Miline’s method and Runga-
Kutta fourth order method., Differentiation
UNIT 3: SPECIAL FUNCTIONS – Bessel’s functions of first and second kind, simple
recurrence relations, orthogonal property of Bessel’s, Transformation, Generating
functions, Legendre’s function of first kind. Simple recurrence relations, Orthogonal
property, Generating function.
UNIT 4: STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY - Elementary theory of probability, Baye’s
theorem with simple applications, Expected value, theoretical probability distributions-
Binomial, Poisson and Normal distributions. Lines of regression, co-relation and rank
correlation.
UNIT 5: CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS - Functional, strong and weak variations simple
variation problems, the Euler’s equation.
BOOKS
• Advanced Engg. Mathematics-4, S.K.Dadhich, N.K.
• Advanced Engg. Mathematics, Irvin Kreyszig, Wiley
• Applied Statics & Probability, Montgomery, Wiley
 

4EC2 – ANALOG ELECTRONICS
UNIT 1: FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS: Classification, Feedback concept, Transfer gain
with feedback, General characteristics of negative feedback amplifiers. Analysis of
voltage-series, voltage-shunt, current-series and current-shunt feedback amplifier.
Stability criterion.
UNIT 2: OSCILLATORS: Classification. Criterion for oscillation. Tuned collector,
Hartley, Colpitts, RC Phase shift, Wien bridge and crystal oscillators, Astable,
monostable and bistable multivibrators. Schmitt trigger. Blocking oscillators.
UNIT 3: HIGH FREQUENCY AMPLIFIERS: Hybrid Pi model, conductances and
capacitances of hybrid Pi model, high frequency analysis of CE amplifier, gainbandwidth
product. Emitter follower at high frequencies.
UNIT 4: TUNED AMPLIFIER - Band Pass Amplifier, Parallel resonant Circuits, Band
Width of Parallel resonant circuit. Analysis of Single Tuned Amplifier, Primary &
Secondary Tuned Amplifier with BJT & FET. Double Tuned Transformer Coupled
Amplifier. Stagger Tuned Amplifier. Pulse Response of such Amplifier. Shunt Peaked
Circuits for Increased Bandwidth.
UNIT 5: POWER AMPLIFIERS: Power amplifier circuits, Class A output stage, class B
output stage and class AB output stages, class C amplifiers, pushpull amplifiers with
and without transformers. Complementary symmetry & quasi complimentary symmetry
amplifiers
BOOKS
• Millman's Integrated Electronics, Millman & Parekh, TMH
• Electronic Devices And Circuits, Salivahanan, TMH
• Millman’s Electronic Devices And Circuits (Special Indian Edition), Millman & Halkias,
TMH
• Analysis And Design Of An Analog Integrated Ckt, Gray, Wiley
• Electronic Devices And Circuit Theory, Boylested, Pearson
• Electronic Devices, Floyd, Pearson
• Electronic Devices And Integrated Circuits, Singh, Pearson
• Electronic Devices And Circuits, 5e, Bell, Oxford
• Microelectronic Circuits, 5e (Intl. Version), Sedra, Oxford
 

4EC3-DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
UNIT 1: NUMBER SYSTEMS, BASIC LOGIC GATES & BOOLEAN ALGEBRA: Binary
Arithmetic & Radix representation of different numbers. Sign & magnitude representation,
Fixed point representation, complement notation, various codes & arithmetic in different
codes & their inter conversion. Features of logic algebra, postulates of Boolean algebra.
Theorems of Boolean algebra. Boolean function. Derived logic gates: Exclusive-OR, NAND,
NOR gates, their block diagrams and truth tables. Logic diagrams from Boolean expressions
and vica-versa. Converting logic diagrams to universal logic. Positive, negative and mixed
logic. Logic gate conversion.
UNIT 2: DIGITAL LOGIC GATE CHARACTERISTICS: TTL logic gate characteristics.
Theory & operation of TTL NAND gate circuitry. Open collector TTL. Three state output logic.
TTL subfamilies. MOS & CMOS logic families. Realization of logic gates in RTL, DTL, ECL,
C-MOS & MOSFET. Interfacing logic families to one another.
UNIT 3: MINIMIZATION TECHNIQUES: Minterm, Maxterm, Karnaugh Map, K map upto 4
variables. Simplification of logic functions with K-map, conversion of truth tables in POS and
SOP form. Incomplete specified functions. Variable mapping. Quinn-Mc Klusky minimization
techniques.
UNIT 4: COMBINATIONAL SYSTEMS: Combinational logic circuit design, half and full adder,
subtractor. Binary serial and parallel adders. BCD adder. Binary multiplier. Decoder: Binary
to Graydecoder, BCD to decimal, BCD to 7-segment decoder. Multiplexer, demultiplexer,
encoder. Octal to binary, BCD to excess-3 encoder. Diode switching matrix. Design of logic
circuits by multiplexers, encoders, decoders and demultiplexers.
UNIT 5: SEQUENTIAL SYSTEMS: Latches, flip-flops, R-S, D, J-K, Master Slave flip flops.
Conversions of flip-flops. Counters: Asynchronous (ripple), synchronous and synchronous
decade counter, Modulus counter, skipping state counter, counter design. Ring counter.
Counter applications. Registers: buffer register, shift register.
BOOKS
• Digital Circuit & Logic Design, Samuel C.Lee, Eee
• Modern Digital Electronics, R.P. Jain, TMH
• Digital Principles And Applications (Special Indian Edition), Leach & Malvino, TMH
• 2000 Solved Problems In Digital Electronics (Sigma Series), Bali, TMH
• Digital Fundamental, Floyd & Jain, Pearson
• Digital Logic And Computer Design, Mano, Pearson
• Digital Systems: Principles And Applications, Tocci, Pearson
• Digital Design, M.Morris Mano, Pearson
• Digital Electronics Principal & Intigrated Ckt, Maini, Wiley
• Digital Logic Design Principals, Palbanian, Wiley
• Digital Electronics, Kharate, Oxford
 

4EC4 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD THEORY
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION: Vector Relation in rectangular, cylindrical, spherical and general
curvilinear coordinate system. Concept and physical interpretation of gradient, Divergence
and curl, Green’s & Stoke’s theorems.
UNIT 2: ELECTROSTATICS: Electric field intensity & flux density. Electric field due to various
charge configurations. The potential functions and displacement vector. Gauss’s law.
Poisson’s and Laplace’s equation and their solution. Uniqueness theorem. Continuity
equation. Capacitance and electrostatics energy. Field determination by method of images.
Boundary conditions. Field mapping and concept of field cells.
UNIT 3: MAGNETOSTATICS: Magnetic field intensity, flux density & magnetization,
Faraday’s Law, Bio-Savart’s law, Ampere’s law, Magnetic scalar and vector potential, self &
mutual inductance, Energy stored in magnetic field, Boundary conditions, Analogy between
electric and magnetic field, Field maping and concept of field cells.
UNIT 4: TIME VARYING FIELDS: Displacement currents and equation of continuity.
Maxwell’s equations, Uniform plane wave in free space, dielectrics and conductors, skin effect
sinusoidal time variations, reflection & refraction of Uniform Plane Wave, standing wave ratio.
Pointing vector and power considerations.
UNIT 5: RADIATION, EMI AND EMC: Retarded Potentials and concepts of radiation,
Radiation from a small current element. Radiation resistance: Introduction to Electromagnetic
Interference and Electromagnetic compatibility, EMI coupling modes, Methods of eliminating
interference, shielding, grounding, conducted EMI, EMI testing: emission testing, susceptibility
testing.
BOOKS
• Engineering Electromagnetics, (With Cd), Hayt, TMH
• Electromagnetics (Sie) (Schaum's Outlines Series), Edminister, TMH
• Electromagnetics With Applications, Jd Kraus, TMH
• Electromagnetic Field Theory And Transmission Lines, Raju, Pearson
• Field & Wave Electromagnetic, Cheng, Pearson
• Elements Of Engineering Electromagnetics, Rao, Pearson
• Electromagnetic For Engineers, Ulaby, Pearson
• Fundamentals Of Electromagnetics For Engineers, Rao, Pearson
 

4EC5 RANDOM VARIABLES & STOCHASTIC PROCESSES
UNIT 1: PROBABILITY:Definitions, sample, space & events, joint & conditional
probability, dependent events.
UNIT 2: RANDOM VARIABLES: Introduction, distribution & density functions, discrete
& continuous random variables, special distributions: binominal, poisson, uniform,
exponential, normal, rayleigh.conditional distribution & density functions.
UNIT 3: MULTIPLE RANDOM VARIABLES Vector random variable, joint distribution
functions, joint probability density function, conditional distribution & density functions.
Statistical independence, distribution & density function of sum of random variable, one
function of one random variable, one function of two random variable, two function of
two random variable.
UNIT 4: OPERATION ON SINGLE & MULTIPLE RANDOM VARIABLES: Mean &
ariance, moments, chebyshev’s inequality, Central limit theorem, characteristic
functions & moment generating function, covariance & correlation coefficient of multiple
random variable.
UNIT 5: STOCHASTIC PROCESSES: Introduction, random process concept, stationary
& independence, ergodicity, correlation, functions. Gaussion Random Process,
Transmission of Random process through linear systems. Power spectral Density,
Cross Spectral density,
BOOKS
• Cllasical Electrodynamics, Jackson, Wiley
• Probability, Statistics And Random Processes, Veerarajan,
• Probability, Random Variables And Stochastic Processes, Papoulis, TMH
• Probability, Random Variables And Random Signal Principles, Peebles, TMH
• Probability And Random Processes With Application To Signal Processing, Stark, TMH
• Probability And Random Processes For Electrical Engineering, Leongarcia, Pearson
• Probability & Measure, Billingsley, Pearson
• An Introduction To Probability Theory & Its App., Feller, Wiley
• Probability & Statistics In Engg., Hines, Wiley
 

4EC6.1 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
UNIT 1: OOP FUNDAMENTALS: Concept of class and object, attributes, public, private
and protected members, derived classes, single & multiple inheritance,
UNIT 2: PROGRAMMING IN C++: Enhancements in C++ over C, Data types, operators
and functions. Inline functions, constructors and destructors. Friend function, function
and operator overloading. Working with class and derived classes. Single, multiple and
multilevel inheritances and their combinations, virtual functions, pointers to objects.
Input output flags and formatting operations. Working with text files.
UNIT 3: JAVA: Variation from C++ to JAVA. Introduction to Java byte code, virtual
machine, application & applets of Java, integer, floating point, characters, Boolean,
literals, and array declarations.
UNIT 4: OPERATORS AND CONTROL STATEMENTS: Arithmetic operators, bit wise
operators, relational operators, Boolean logic operators, the assignment operators, ?:
operators, operator precedence. Switch and loop statements.
UNIT 5: PACKAGE AND INTERFACES: Packages, access protection, importing &
defining packages. Defining and implementing interfaces.
BOOKS
• Object Oriented Programming With C++, Sahay,
• Object Oriented Programming With C++, Josuttis, Oxford
• An Inteoduction To Programming & Oo Design Using Java, J.Nino&F.A.Hosch, Wiley
• Object Oriented Programming With C++, Shukla, Wiley
• OOP, Timothy Budd, Wiley
• Object Oriented Programming With C++, Balagurusamy, Pearson
• Programming With C++ (Sie) (Schaum's Outline Series), Hubbard, TMH
• Mastering C++, Venugopal, TMH
• Programming With C++, Ravichandran, TMH
 

4EC6.2 - DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
UNIT 1 :Introduction Need, purpose and goals of DBMS. DBMS Architecture, Concept
of keys, Generalisation and specialization, Introduction to Relational data model, ER
Modeling, Relational algebra.
UNIT 2: DATABASE DESIGN : Conceptual Data Base design. Theory of normalization,
Primitive and composite data types, concept of physical and logical databases, data
abstraction and data independence,. Relational calculus.
UNIT 3 : SQL : DDL and DML. Constraints assertions, views, data base security.
Application Development using SQL : Host language interface, embedded SQL
programming. GL's, Forms management and report writers. Stored procedures and
triggers.
UNIT 4 INTERNAL OF RDBMS - Physical data organization in sequential, indexed,
random and hashed files. Inverted and multilist structures.
UNIT 5 : Transaction processing, concurrency control, Transaction model properties
and state serialisability. Lock base protocols, two phase locking, Log based recovery
Management.
Books
• Date C J, “An Introduction To Database System”, Addision Wesley
• Korth, Silbertz, Sudarshan, “Database Concepts”, McGraw Hill
• Elmasri, Navathe, “Fundamentals Of Database Systems”, Addision Wesley
• Leon & Leon, “Database Management System”, Vikas Publishing House.
• Bipin C. Desai, “An introduction to Database Systems”, Galgotia Publication
• Majumdar & Bhattacharya, “Database Management System”, TMH
• Ramakrishnan, Gehrke, “Database Management System”, McGraw Hill
• Kroenke, “Database Processing: Fundamentals, Design and Implementation”,
Pearson Education.
• Maheshwari Jain, “DBMS: Complete Practical Approach”, Firewall Media, New
Delhi.
 

4EC6.3 COMPUTER GRAPHICS
UNIT 1 : Introduction to interactive computer graphics, picture analysis, overview of
programmer's model of interactive graphics. Fundamental problems in geometry,
Hardware for Computer Graphics.
UNIT 2 : BASIC RASTER GRAPHICS - Scan conversion algorithms for line, Circle,
Ellipse, Filling algorithms, Line Clipping and Polygon clipping
UNIT 3 : GEOMETRIC MANIPULATION : 2 D and 3 D Transformation, Composite
Transformations, Concept of Homogenous Coordinates Viewpoints.
UNIT 4 : ELEMENTRY 3 D GRAPHICS – Types of Projections, Vanishing Points,
specification of 3 D View, Matrices for Parallel and Perspective Projections. Visibility;
Image and object precision, z-buffer algorithms, area based algorithms, floating horizon.
UNIT 5: RENDERING - Ray tracing, antialiasing, Gourard and Phong Shading. Curves
and Surfaces : Parametric Representation, Bezier and B-Spline curves.
Books
• David F Rogers – Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics – McGraw-Hill.
• Foley, Vandam, Feiner & Huges – Computer Graphics Principles and Practice –
Addison Wesley.
• Newman & Sproul – Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics.
• David F Rogers and Adams – Mathematical Elements for Computer Graphics.

 

4EC7 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LAB-II
Programs in C++
1. Write a program to perform the complex arithmetic.
2. Write a program to perform the rational number arithmetic.
3. Write a program to perform the matrix operations. (Transpose, addition, subtraction, multiplication,
test if a matrix is symmetric/ lower triangular/ upper triangular)
4. Implement Morse code to text conversion and vice-versa.
5. To calculate Greatest Common Divisor of given numbers.
6. To implement tower of Hanoi problem.
Program in Java
7. To implement spell checker using dictionary.
8. To implement a color selector from a given set of colors.
9. To implement a shape selector from a given set of shapes.
10. By mapping keys to pens of different colors, implement turtle graphics.
11. To implement a calculator with its functionality.
12. To implement a graph and display BFS/DFS order of nodes.
 

4EC8 ELECTRONICS LAB II
1. Plot gain-frequency characteristics of BJT amplifier with and without negative feedback in the
emitter circuit and determine bandwidths, gain bandwidth products and gains at 1kHz with and
without negative feedback.
2. Study of series and shunt voltage regulators and measurement of line and load regulation and
ripple factor.
3. Plot and study the characteristics of small signal amplifier using FET.
4. Study of push pull amplifier. Measure variation of output power & distortion with load.
5. Study Wein bridge oscillator and observe the effect of variation in R & C on oscillator frequency
6. Study transistor phase shift oscillator and observe the effect of variation in R & C on oscillator
frequency and compare with theoretical value.
7. Study the following oscillators and observe the effect of variation of C on oscillator frequency: (a)
Hartley (b) Colpitts
8. Design Fabrication and Testing of k-derived filters (LP/HP).
9. Study of a Digital Storage CRO and store a transient on it.
10. To plot the characteristics of UJT and UJT as relaxation.
11. To plot the characteristics of MOSFET and CMOS.

 

4EC9 DIGITAL ELECTORNICS LAB
1. To study and perform the following experiments.
(a) Operation of digital multiplexer and demultiplexer.
(b) Binary to decimal encoder.
(c) Characteristics of CMOS integrated circuits.
2. To study and perform experiment- Compound logic functions and various combinational circuits
based on AND/NAND and OR/NOR Logic blocks.
3. To study and perform experiment -Digital to analog and analog to digital converters.
4. To study and perform experiment- Various types of counters and shift registers.
5. To study and perform experiment - Interfacing of CMOS to TTL and TTL to CMOS ICs.
6. To study and perform experiment- BCD to binary conversion on digital IC trainer.
7. To study and perform experiment -
(a) Astable (b) Monostable (c) Bistable Multivibrators and the frequency variation with different
parameters, observe voltage waveforms at different points of transistor.
8. To study and perform experiment -Voltage comparator circuit using IC-710.
9. To study and perform experiment- Schmitt transistor binary circuit.
10. Design 2 bit binary up/down binary counter on bread board.
 

4EC10 HUMANITIES
UNIT 1 : INDIA- Brief History of Indian Constitution- framing, features, fundamental rights, duties,
directive principles of state. History of Indian national movement, Socio economic growth after
independence.
UNIT 2 : SOCIETY – Social Groups- Concepts and types, socialization- concept and theory, social
control; concept, social problem in contemporary India, status and role.
UNIT 3 : THE FUNDAMENTALS OF ECONOMICS – Meaning, definition and importance of economics,
Logic of choice, Central Economic Problems, Positive and Normative approaches, economic systemssocialism
and capitalism.
UNIT 4 : MICROECONOMICS –Law of demand and supply, Utility approach, Indifference curves,
Elasticity of demand & supply and applications, Consumer surplus, Law of returns to factors and returns
to scale.
UNIT 5: MACRO ECONOMICS –Concept relating to national product-National income and its
measurement, Simple Keynesian theory, Simple multiplier, Money and banking,- Meaning, Concept of
international trade, Determination of exchange rate, Balance of payments. Characteristics of Indian
Economy.

                                                                 Shri Akash Bhai